Open Primary Definition and List of Open Primary States

A primary is the method political parties use in the U.S. to nominate candidates for elected office. The winners of the primaries in the two-party system become the party nominees, and they face each other in the election, which is held in November in even-numbered years.   But not all primaries are the same. There are open primaries and closed primaries, and several  kinds of primaries in between the two. Perhaps the most talked-about primary in modern history is the open primary, which advocates say encourages voter participation. More than a dozen states hold open primaries. An open primary is one in which voters can take part in either the Democratic or Republican nominating contests regardless of their party affiliation, as long as they are registered to vote. Voters registered with third-parties and independents are also allowed to take part in open primaries.   An open primary is the opposite of a closed primary, in which only registered members of that party can take part. In a closed primary, in other words, registered Republicans are allowed to vote only in the Republican primary, and registered Democrats are allowed to vote only in the Democratic primary. Voters registered with third-parties and independents are not permitted to take part in closed primaries. Support for Open Primaries Supporters of the open primary system argue that it encourages voter participation and leads to greater turnout at the polls. A growing segment of the U.S. population is not affiliated with either the Republican or Democratic parties, and is therefore blocked from taking part in closed presidential primaries. Supporters also argue that holding an open primary leads to the nomination of more centrist and less ideologically pure candidates who have broad appeal. Mischief in Open Primary States Allowing voters of any party to take part in either the Republican or Democratic presidential primary often invites mischief, commonly referred to as party-crashing. Party-crashing occurs when voters of one party support the most polarizing candidate in the other partys primary to bolster the chances that it will nominate someone unelectable to general election voters in November, according to the nonpartisan Center for Voting and Democracy in Maryland. In the 2012 Republican primaries, for example, Democratic activists launched a somewhat organized effort to prolong the GOP nomination process by voting for Rick Santorum, an underdog, in states that held open primaries. That effort, called Operation Hilarity, was organized by activist Markos Moulitsas Zuniga, the founder and publisher of , a popular blog among liberals and Democrats. The longer this GOP primary drags on, the better the numbers for Team Blue, Moulitsas wrote. In 2008, many Republicans voted for Hillary Clinton in the 2008 Democratic presidential primary because they felt she had less of a chance of defeating presumed Republican nominee John McCain, a U.S. senator from Arizona. 15 Open Primary States There are 15 states that allow voters to privately selected which primaries in which to participate. A registered Democrat, for example, could choose to cross party lines and vote for a Republican candidate. Critics argue that the open primary dilutes the parties’ ability to nominate. Supporters say this system gives voters maximal flexibility—allowing them to cross party lines—and maintains their privacy, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. Those 15 states are:    AlabamaArkansasGeorgiaHawaiiMichiganMinnesotaMississippiMissouriMontanaNorth DakotaSouth  CarolinaTexasVermontVirginiaWisconsin 9 Closed Primary States There are nine states that require primary voters to be registered with the party in whose primary they are participating. These closed-primary states also prohibit independent and third-party voters from voting in primaries and helping the parties choose their nominees. This system generally contributes to a strong party organization, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. These closed-primary states are:    DelawareFloridaKentuckyMarylandNevadaNew MexicoNew YorkOregonPennsylvania Other Types of Primaries There are other, more hybrid types of primaries that are neither fully open or completely closed. Heres a look at how those primaries work and the states that use these methods. Partially Closed Primaries: Some states leave it up to the parties themselves, which operate the primaries, to decide if independent and third-party voters can participate. These states include Alaska;  Connecticut;  Connecticut;  Idaho; North Carolina;  Oklahoma; South Dakota; and Utah. Nine other states allow independents to vote in party primaries:  Arizona; Colorado; Kansas; Maine; Massachusetts; New Hampshire; New Jersey; Rhode Island; and West Virginia.   Partially Open  Primaries: Voters in partially open primary states are allowed to choose which partys candidates they are nominating, but they must either publicly declare their selection or register with the party in whose primary they are participating. These states include: Illinois; Indiana; Iowa; Ohio; Tennessee; and Wyoming.

Essay The Two-Second Judgment - 988 Words

We have been taught to stop and carefully consider all the options/factors involved before making an important decision. But in Blink, Malcolm Gladwell finds that in complex situations, our initial two-second judgments, our blink moments, are often more accurate than judgments derived from lengthy, painstaking analysis. Although Gladwell is careful to explore situations where two-second judgments fail, the most interesting scenarios are where rapid cognition succeeds. It contradicts reason to think that a two-second judgment could be more accurate than a carefully made analysis, but in many cases it is. In an attempt to persuade the readers mind about the importance of this blink moment, Gladwell tries to use the Greek philosopher†¦show more content†¦However, the reader learns, our brain sifts through the situation in front of us, throwing out all that is irrelevant and zeroes in on what really matters, and allows us to act on this through our â€Å"gut reaction.† Gladwell has some interesting evidence to back up his claim. In Blink, he begins with a story about an ancient Greek statute known as kouros that was offered to the Gerry Museum, LA. Relying on thorough scientific analysis, the curators of the museum believed the statue to be genuine and bought it for a huge sum of $ 10 million. But other art historians, upon first viewing the statue, instantly thought that it was fabricated. The former director of the Metropolitan Museum of Art said his first reaction was fresh- as in, too fresh-looking to be so old. A Greek archaeologist saw the statue and immediately felt cold. According to Gladwell, those experts intuitions proved correct, and the initial scientific tests that authenticated the statue turned out to have been faulty. With the kouros forgery, Gladwell immediately tries to persuade the reader from the beginning of the book by launching his case for the surprising power of intuitive snap. As he puts it, there can be as much value in the blink of an eye as in months of rational analysis. Nevertheless, cases in which forgeries that intuitively appear legitimate but later are discovered through expert analysis to be frauds are fairly common in the art world. Numerous paintings of master forgerShow MoreRelatedBiblical Bible And The Bible1222 Words   |  5 Pagesfulfilled, but the prophecies regarding the second coming of Christ, and the end times are yet to be accomplished. 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International Monetary Fund Essay Example For Students

International Monetary Fund Essay IMF(IMF)The international monetary fund or IMF, basically promotes international monetary harmony to simplify the expansion of international trade. In a more detailed view, it advocates global monetary understanding, monitors the exchange rate and financial policies of member nations, and provides credit for member countries that are experiencing a temporary unbalance of payments. Contrary to popular belief, It is not a world central bank which exists to help the economic development of poor, undeveloped countries, nor does it have any authority over its members domestic policies and regulations. It is a mutual establishment with voluntarily membership that enables its members to benefit from consultations with each other. This provides a stable environment for exchanging payments smoothly and quickly. Thus, the IMF greatly increases international trade, which, in effect, expands the world economy. How does this system work? Established by the United Nations at a conference held in 1944 at Bretton Woods, New Hampshire, the IMF seeks monetary stability. At that time, because of all the recessions and the Great depression, people all over the world were demanding gold, instead of the national currency, beyond what national treasuries could supply. Therefore, many nations were coerced into abandoning the gold standard, which had given money a known and stable value. Now that countries could not depend on the steady value of gold, exchanging money became very difficult between the nations using gold and those that did not. These complications caused many of these nations to sell their products at a cheaper rate (way below its realistic value) just to undermine the trade of other nations selling the same products. There wasnt a high demand for foreign currencies that werent backed by gold; governments werent willing to take the chance on foreign currency and its current rates. This global turmoil caused the UN to create the IMF to help regulate the International trade. From the headquarters in Washington D.C., membership is open to all independent countries with a current membership of 181 nations. On joining the fund, members are assigned a quota (a sort of membership fee) in special drawing rights or SDR, the funds unit of account whose value is based on the average value of five major currencies. Each members quota relates to their position in the global economy. Thus, the United States, as the leading economy, has a quota of about 27 billion dollars and gets 265,000 votes. Similar to the Stock Market, the amount of these quotas determine how many votes, or how much influence it will have in IMF decisions and deliberations. These quotas also establish how much the contributing member can borrow, should they be in a time of need. Hence, if a member has temporary balance of payment difficulties it applies to the fund, and will most likely receive the much-needed currency from the IMFs pool of resources, from which it will have to pay back. Daily o perations are the responsibility of a 24-member executive board, which represent member nations. But the main power goes to the Board of Governors, one from each member, and an equal number of alternate Governors. The IMF has a staff of 2,200, headed by a managing director, who is chairman of the executive board. These staff members are international civil servants and are in charge of carrying out IMF policies. Though, it is important to note that the IMFs main goal and purpose is to create an overly simple international trade by the exchange of foreign currencies. Currencies have a value in terms of other currencies and what others are willing to pay for it (demand). The International Monetary Fund has effectively eliminated the restrictions on buying and selling national currencies by keeping members overly informed of each nations current value of its monetary unit. The IMF is also a research guide that calculates national outputs and how large or small a nations economy is, for all members to view. Many countries who lack personal finance and central banking turn to the IMF for assistance in solving financial and domestic or international economic problems. .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26 , .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26 .postImageUrl , .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26 , .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26:hover , .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26:visited , .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26:active { border:0!important; } .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26:active , .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26 .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u948d589b6d769f5f9429bd85f3e64b26:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Baseball Salaries EssayBy promoting trade between foreign nations, the IMF intensely increases the ever-expanding global economy. All nations depend on trade, because they are all faced with one major economic problem: scarcity, the concept of unlimited wants and limited resources. For the most part, peoples desires for things are greater than their ability to make them. This is basically what the study of economics is all about, to diminish the scarcity citizens are faced with on a daily basis. For instance, because of North Americas climate, the United States can not naturally produce coffee beans. Therefore, Americans must trade with foreign countries, in this case Colu mbia, to gain this product. This is where the IMF comes in. By simplifying the conditions of trade and minimizing the exchange risk, the US and Columbia can now trade at a faster flow and with larger quantities. Thus, it reduces the scarcity of coffee beans, which will lower the prices for the consumers and enables the economies in both countries to expand. The other aspect of the IMF is to help its member countries with payment problems. If a member can not take in enough currency from what it buys from other nations, The IMF supplies and helps stabilize and control the exchange value of the members currency. This country borrows the funds money at a below-the-market interest rate, which goes to the nation whose currency is being used. This is very important because the world is so intertwined that if one region crumbles, everyone seems to suffer. This part of the IMF is essentially a global rescue package. Currently, the IMF is concentrating on Asia, especially South Korea, where the U.S. and Japan are giving 10 billion dollars each (through the IMF). By loaning this money, the IMF has not only helped South Korea but also it has helped the world economy continue its prosperity. The US is now, more than ever, dependent on the international situation. This loaning out of money is not because of the generosity of the Americans, but because they need other nations for trade and stability. Just recently, the Dow Jones average took a drastic plunge because of an Asian stock market crash. Investors worldwide are looking more and more at the global position, which will affect whether or not they will invest in stocks. Recently, a controversial debate in Congress raises the question of whether taxpayer money should go to the increasing contributions to the IMF. However, without this much needed assistance from the IMF, the Asian crisis will worsen with eventual negative consequences for the U.S. economy because these Asian countries will not be able to buy American goods or must cut prices so that American firms would find it hard to compete in international markets. Also, this financial affliction of Asian countries can harm U.S. security interests in Asia, claims Secretary of State, Madeleine Albright. Therefore, this policy of helping out member countries, especially by the United States, is greatly appreciated and needed by many unstable countries. By overseeing the international monetary system, the International Monetary Fund creates a more sturdy and prosperous world economy. The IMF assists countries with economic problems and consults its members on improving economic policies. By improving the exchange rates between nations, the IMF promotes a sturdy and healthy universal trade. Therefore, The International Monetary Fund is the necessary tool that helps the global economy continue into the future.

Why Your Business Needs Evergreen Content

by Chris Reid There are many types of content you can publish on your website, blog, and social media channels, but one type of content often gets overlooked: evergreen content. The problem with timely content, which includes news items, current trends, and interviews, is that they can date very quickly. Evergreen content, on the other hand, may cost more to produce initially, but you’re likely to see more benefits in the long term. In this article, we’ll look at what evergreen content is and why every business needs it. What Exactly Is Evergreen Content? If part of your job is to buy or produce unique content for your website, you’re probably already aware of the phrase â€Å"evergreen content.† For those new to the concept, it’s simply content that stays relevant for a long period of time. This means you can take extra care to create it once, and it will continue to attract traffic to your website for years to come. If a piece of content can be linked to and gain traffic long after the original publish date, it’s evergreen. To clarify, let’s look at what evergreen content is not: . News articles . Opinion pieces about news items . Statistics or reports that will date quickly . Content focused on a particular holiday or season . Articles on current trends The Benefits to Your Business Evergreen content helps to define your business and brand as an authority in your field. Consumers crave knowledge more than ever before, so publishing interesting, articles that answers their questions is key to building brand awareness and credibility. There are three main benefits of evergreen content: . It can boost your website traffic. When it’s easier to find your content in search engines, you’ll receive more qualified traffic over a longer period of time . It will continue to generate quality leads. More qualified traffic will lead to more potential customers Examples of Evergreen Content If you’re looking to buy content, here are some great examples of evergreen content you might consider: . Informational ebooks and white papers: Hire ebook writers or white paper writersif your are unfamiliar with the publication process . Articles with tips and advice . How-to articles . â€Å"About Us† pages on your website . Videos that explain how a product or service works . Infographics and other visual material that explain a concept or give step-by-step instructions Evergreen Content and SEO Combining timeless content with relevant keywords is key to an effective content marketing strategy. When you create unique content or buy content, consider the keywords and keyword phrases that you’d like your website to rank for. The most effective evergreen content contains phrases that your target audience are searching for. Remember to stick to basic SEO strategies like building each web page around a variety of keyword phrases. Also, don’t forget meta titles, descriptions, and headlines that will appear in search engine results pages and your social media feeds. The more search-friendly your content is, the more likely it is to be seen, shared, and linked to. In Summary There are many web content services that provide unique content to boost your evergreen content strategy. While its important to buy content and create unique content that will be relevant for years to come, timely, topical pieces also have their value. The best content marketing strategy contains a mix of both, so that your business can attract a variety of leads with different content needs.